Navegando por Palavras-chave "Verbal behavior"

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    Análise da narrativa oral de pré-escolares antes e após estimulação de linguagem
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2012-01-01) Verzolla, Beatriz Lopes Porto; Isotani, Selma Mie [UNIFESP]; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To verify the oral narrative abilities in preschoolers, before and after language stimulation. METHODS: Participants were 58 preschoolers. The study was developed in three stages: 1. Pre-stimulation stage (Moment 1) - preschoolers produced the first autonomous narrative based on a sequence of pictures, and the second under adult scaffolding; 2. Stimulation stage - it was conducted a weekly reading of children's stories in group, for ten weeks; 3. Post-stimulation stage (Moment 2): the same procedure of the first stage was repeated. The results analysis considered: the occurrence of central and secondary events; the accountable/explicable conduct, classified according to physical causes, moral/social rules and internal state; the attribution and rectification of false beliefs, analyzed by the internal state's accountable/explicable conduct. RESULTS: There was an increase in the occurrence of central events in Moment 2 as well as after the adult scaffolding, with decrease of secondary events comparing both moments and after the scaffolding. Regarding the accountable/explicable conduct, no differences were found between physical, social/moral rules, and internal state conducts. The internal state accountable/explicable conduct was predominantly found in all the autonomous narratives. CONCLUSION: Both the reading of children's stories and the adult scaffolding contribute to the increase in the occurrence of events in autonomous narratives. There is no variation on the type of accountable/explicable conduct in the narratives. The internal state accountable/explicable conduct is predominantly used by preschoolers.
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    A associação entre a suspeita inicial de perda auditiva e a ausência de comunicação verbal em crianças com transtornos do espectro autístico
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2009-01-01) Sousa, Elaine Colombo [UNIFESP]; Lima, Fernanda Thieme [UNIFESP]; Tamanaha, Ana Carina [UNIFESP]; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To determine the association between the initial suspicion of hearing loss and the absence of verbal communication in children with diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out analyzing 54 anamneses of individuals with diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. From each case history, it was obtained the records of the initial suspicion of hearing loss, mentioned by family members. The degree of association between the initial suspicion of hearing loss and the type of communicative performance (verbal and non-verbal) was verified. After that, hearing assessments were tracked down to confirm the pertinence of the hearing complaint mentioned. The data were statistically analysed using Chi-Square Test and Fisher's Exact Test. A significance level of 0.05 was adopted. RESULTS: It was verified that 62.96% of the parents of children with autism (both verbal and non-verbal) exhibited an initial suspicion of hearing loss as the first etiology. The hearing assessment demonstrated that only 11.11% of the individuals with non-verbal communication and none of those with verbal communication actually had some type of hearing impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The number of children with initial suspicion of hearing loss was significant, regardless whether these individuals had verbal or non-verbal communication. However, in the association analysis between communicative performance and suspicion of hearing impairments, the results were significantly greater for non-verbal children. This fact leads to a reflection on the importance of sensitization of the professionals who act in childcare clinic regarding the search for a differential diagnosis between hearing impairment and autistic spectrum disorders.
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    Autoavaliação do comportamento comunicativo de líderes de diversas profissões ao falar em público
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-02-24) Vargas, Aline Cristina Tafarelo [UNIFESP]; Behlau, Mara Suzana [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2274436726620746; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8622071356562346; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: Understanding how corporate leaders evaluate themselves in situations of public speaking, taking into consideration specific aspects of speech, voice and manifestations of nervousness and anxiety. Methods: Three hundred and twenty-eight individuals participated in this study, being 143 men and 185 women, having corporate leadership positions in various segments, mean age of 41 years old. Three evaluation instruments were applied: a Communication Contexts Questionaire CCQ-R reduced from Questionnaire of Self-Evaluation on Speech and Voice Abilities in Various Communication Contexts – QCC, with 23 questions, the Self-Statements during Public Speaking Scale - SSPS, with 10 questions and the Voice Handicap Index 10 – VHI-10, also with 10 questions. The results were evaluated according to sex and age. Results: Speaking in meetings was the most referred experience of speaking in public (88.4). The participants indicated perceived modifications in the aspects of speech, voice, nervousness and anxiety, with different distribution in relation to sex and age. Perceiving that the speech and voice become different on speaking in public is the most pointed symptom (50.3% and 78.5%, respectively). The majority of leaders feel nervous in this situation (84.4%), being the insecurity about the context the factor which generates more nervousness (69.0%). The majority of the leaders also feel anxious when speaking in public (83.3%), showing the symptom of sweating on the hands (31.3%). Despite the negative manifestations in the researched aspects, the leaders evaluated themselves positively in the situation of speaking in public, according to SSPS. There are fewer occurrences of negative manifestations in speech, voice, nervousness and anxiety in older participants, which can suggest that a positive effect of the experience and the informal learning on this practice. A high percentage of leaders, 14.7%, perceived some vocal disadvantage according to the VHI-10. Conclusion: For the majority of leaders, speaking in public pose a challenge, which can generate negative impacts in communication. Positions of leadership evaluate their communication on speaking in public as good, although they recognize the occurrence of various deviations in speech and voice, including manifestations of nervousness and anxiety in this situation. For both sexes, aging seems to have a positive effect in public speaking situations.